lesson 1, 20071028, saturday Surah Fatiha

Intro
Quran
Surah Fatiha

What am I doing here?

• Learning the quran
• translation
• getting close to Allah
• Islah- Improving myself
• Learning and being able to teach others
• MY HEART: I am here to: learn, for I am ignorant. Save myself, for I am sinful. Be able to teach my daughter. Cleanse myself, for I am dirty. Humble myself, for I am arrogant.

Use of this time:

1. Tajweed: Reading Quran properly
2. Translation: Understanding meaning of Quran
3. Tafseer, fahm (comprehension), taddabbur (depth, pondering)

BENEFITS

• Each reading gives greater insight
• Ibadat
• You can never learn the whole quran in all it's depth, if you study it all you life.

LEARNING THE QURAN

People have spent lifetimes in understanding Allah's creation, using their brains.

To understand the Quran we must also use our brains. We must put in time, effort and thought into understanding the quran.

Remember: Quran guides the mind and points to the right direction. The brain does lead this process, you must submit to learning with humility.

The Quran is a source of peace and guidance. Condition: if you trust in it.

HOW?:

PRACTICAL STEPS:

In class:

Learn the proper method of reading. We will follow following steps:

• quaida,
• recitation,
• repetition,
• translation,
• etymology,
• running translation
• listening
• tafsir
• Taddabbur
• Listening

Outside the class:

• Homework
• must set up a proper schedule and time for doing homework, classwork, etc
• read notes
• revise
• what have I learnt?
• at least one thing I can act upon in my practical life?
• What can I share with the people around me (not tilawat, tarjuma, but rather practical learning)
• Make a vocabulary list of new words (will help in test also)
• Listen to Quran

INTRODUCTION TO QURAN

Quran: qar'a : 1) that which is read, that which collects

Qara yaqrau, quranan

misdar - that which is read.

collecting: many rulings, knowledge, stories, etc are collected in the Quran

SHARIAT: kalamallah, Allah's word

revealed to the prophet Muhammad SAW, descended to his heart

Inna nahnu nazzalna alaikaalqurana tanzeela

Lo! we have revealed to you the quran gradually

Inna nahnu nazzalna zikra wa inn

we have revealed this word, and we are it's protectors

NAMES

• wal quranul majeed Respected, revered book
• mubarak kitaab Blessed book
• Quranul azeem The great book
• quranul kareem
• hidayat, rahmat, khushkhabri,
• Furqan: differentiates between good and evil

Why was it revealed?

For those who reflect to take heed, to learn, to gain something from it.

Innahulwallquranan

wanazzalnaquranal... li kulli shayin qadeer .. lil muslimeen

surah nahal 89

to take people out of darkness into light

Perfetion: WHEN, WHERE, WHO

night: Laylatulqadr, laylatulmubaraka

khayrunmin alfi shajr - better than a thousand nights

month: blessed month, Ramadhan

city: Makkah, blessed city

Person: Muhammad SAW Allah's most beloved human being, role model for humanity

Mustafa, Mujtaba (chosen one)

Language: arabic, easiest language, must learn arabic, must use brains to learn arabic. Is a lot of fun.

IQRA

Iqra bismi rabbika khalaq.. alamal kalam..

Read, in the name of thy Lord:

1. read for your Lord,
2. Your lord is great
3. Use the pen, don't just listen

REVELATION

• sababi: revelation of rules, etc based on an occurrence, question, problem, confusion,
• ibtidai : new rules revealed

suratu tahreem, sura kahf, sura nur, surah mujadillah, surah yusuf,

To understand the Quran it is important to know the reasons for revelation (sabab i nuzool). The history, background, context.

HISTORY

That is why seerat is so important. The same historical characters are present today, the same situations occur today. Human beings are the same, so reading history is important to draw lessons for today.

Dhalikalkitabu la raybafihi : no doubts

LOCATION

Should also be aware of the period of revelation:

• Makki (before hijrat). Forceful: to tame the kuffar. They could not reply to the challenge of the quran (poet gave up poetry)
• madni (after hijrat)

SPEED

Revealed gradually as it was

• tasbeehi qalbul rasool: it was coming to gradually mould the holy Prophet saw into a perfect example
• the last book for all time
• should be revealed with need
• should be seen as practical guidance, not just a book of ilm to be recited. MUST BE ACTED UPON

Oh you wrapped up in your cloak! arise and warn, purify your clothes

1. Iqra read
2. then arise and warn (don't wait to be an Alim, warn now!!)
3. then purify

• Use the quran to help others; guidance and love and mercy
• Gradually people's hearts could be imbued with the Quran

CONNECTION

• A connection with the quran is vital for action.
• Proper beautiful reading is vital for learning
• good listening is vital for beautiful reading
• must do justice to the quran that you learn, that is what is important
• You must build your relationship with the quran
• You must learn arabic
• Make the intention, the fulfillment is in Allah's hands

ORDER OF REVELATION

• Must learn quran in the order it is arranged
• The ayath and huroof were arranged according to a special order, not in the order of revelation
• The Holy Prophet SAW would go through the Quran every year with the angel Gabriel, and in the last year they went through it twice.
• Was written on leather, bones, stones, bark, and rearranged

SURAH FATIHA

• Fifth in order of revelation
• first in order of arrangement
• Homework: repeat 7 times. Vital for learning a language

Hadith: the angel Gabriel was sitting with the prophet SAW when he looked up and said, a door has opened that never opened before, and an angel came to the Prophet SAW and gave him a light never before brought.

Surah Fatiha and the last two ayat of surah baqara

Always read audhubillahiminnashaitwanirrajeem

In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.

1:1 In the name of Allah, the Entirely Merciful, the Especially Merciful.
1:1 Bismi Allahi alrrahmani alrraheemi

1:2 [All] praise is [due] to Allah, Lord of the worlds –
1:2 Alhamdu lillahi rabbi alAAalameena

1:3 The Entirely Merciful, the Especially Merciful,
1:3 Alrrahmani alrraheemi

1:4 Sovereign of the Day of Recompense.
1:4 Maliki yawmi alddeeni

1:5 It is You we worship and You we ask for help.
1:5 Iyyaka naAAbudu waiyyaka nastaAAeenu
1:6 Guide us to the straight path –
1:6 Ihdina alssirata almustaqeema

1:7 The path of those upon whom You have bestowed favor, not of those who have evoked [Your] anger or of those who are astray.
1:7 Sirata allatheena anAAamta AAalayhim ghayri almaghdoobi AAalayhim wala alddalleena